a decreasing trendp < 0.001
paliurus , although the weighted averages of pterocaryoside A, pterocaryoside B, and cyclocaric acid B per individual showed a decreasing trend with increasing the HDRs ( Figure 4 B), the quadratic equations could best describe the relationship between pterocaryosides (including A and B) and HDR ( p < 0.001), indicating that moderate herbivore damage would favor foliar pterocaryoside accumulations per individual in the field. 2.5.