Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha (DFFA)-like effectors (CIDEs) improve lipid droplet (LD) formation and oil accumulation in plant tissues.

The expression of β‐KETOACYL ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN SYNTHASE I ( KASI ), β‐KETOACYL CARRIER PROTEIN REDUCTASE ( KAR ) and STEAROYL‐ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE ( SAD ) related to FA synthesis, MALIC ENZYME ( mME ), MALATE DEHYDROGENASE ( mMDH ), ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE ( IDH ), 2‐OXOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE ( 2‐OGDH ) and SUCCINYL‐COA LIGASE ( SCoA L ) related to the TCA cycle was almost significantly increased in all CIDEs ‐OE lines compared to that in WT, except some genes expression had no difference between one OE line and WT (Figure 6c,d ).

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