Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Prognostic Prediction in Ovarian Cancer Based on Tumor Proliferation and Immune-Related Biomarkers in Chinese Patients.

1 , 2 In China, ovarian cancer incidence and mortality rates have also shown an increasing trend, posing a significant public health challenge. 3 Within this category, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the predominant pathological subtype, constituting over 90% of all ovarian cancer cases. 4 Despite recent advances in therapeutic approaches, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the five-year survival rate for ovarian cancer patients remains dismally low, frequently below 50%. 5 This alarming statistic highlights the need for improved prognostic tools that can facilitate better risk stratification and personalized treatment strategies.

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