The impact of land use change on ecosystem services in the Huaihai economic zone for evaluation and Spatiotemporal characterization.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12397342 · PMID 40883360

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

From 1995 to 2020, ESV in the study area showed a decreasing trend of 3.60%.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

In contrast 4 , found an increasing trend in regional ESV when desert areas in Pakistan were converted to farmland 51 . observed that during the same period, the increase in woodland, farmland and urban areas, along with the decrease in natural vegetation, led to a decrease in total ESV.

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