Gut microbiota alterations modulate high-fat diet-induced precocious puberty.

Additionally, the Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group and Lactobacillus murinus maintained high abundances in HFD rats throughout the study, while their abundances showed an increasing trend in NN and HFD_Abx rats ( Fig. 3C ; Table S3 ).

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Alpha diversity indices (Chao1 and Shannon) showed a significant reduction in overall diversity and species richness in the HFD_Abx group compared to the HFD group, while differences between the HFD and NN groups remained at least partially significant at all time points ( Fig. 3A ; Fig.

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