Barely Significant
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Sleep timing and duration for working adults in the United States before and since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sleep Adv · 2025 · PMC12418940 · PMID 40934017

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marginally significantno p-value reported
The interactions between income level and COVID for both Wake-Up Time (0.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01, 0.11) and bedtime (0.06; 95% CI = 0.009, 0.11) were marginally significant ( Table 5 ), indicating that the earlier sleep timing associated with a higher income level ( Table 2 ) was reduced in the COVID time period compared to the PRECOVID time period.

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