Temporal analysis of cigarette butt accumulation on a touristic beach in Cartagena, Colombia.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int · 2025 · PMC12426091 · PMID 40767902

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

( 2012 ) demonstrated a decreasing trend in NO2 absorption in the soil as relative humidity increased from 5 to 80%.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Remarkably, an average of 0.6 CBs/m 2 was observed in the 2021–2022 period, demonstrating an increasing trend in cigarette butt pollution.

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