highly significantp ≤ 0.01
ns meant no significant difference between groups, p > 0.05; * meant a significant difference between groups, p ≤ 0.05; ** meant a highly significant difference between groups, p ≤ 0.01; *** meant an extremely significant difference between groups, p ≤ 0.001; and **** meant an exceedingly significant difference between groups, p ≤ 0.0001. 5.