Association between heat and air pollution (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and black carbon) exposure in pregnancy and preterm birth in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMJ Paediatr Open · 2025 · PMC12434743 · PMID 40953917

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The sentences

marginally significantno p-value reported

In the second trimester, 12 studies revealed a marginally significant increase in risk (OR=1.04; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.07, I2 = 97.8%).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.

Association between heat and air pollution (PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and black carbon) exposure in pregnancy and preterm birth in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The sentences

Association between heat and air pollution (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and black carbon) exposure in pregnancy and preterm birth in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.