Exploring the Impact of Pickleball for Improving Mood in First-Year University Students-A Pilot Study in Japan.

J Funct Morphol Kinesiol · 2025 · PMC12452660 · PMID 40981051

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0670

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.0670

boldest claim

The sentences

a trend toward significancep = 0.067so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

showed a trendp = 0.067so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

For arousal, the main effect of time showed a trend toward significance but did not reach the conventional level ( F (1,103) = 3.42, p = 0.067, η 2 = 0.032).

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