Lidocaine-Based vs Sufentanil-Based PCIA After Pulmonary Resection Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

At 48 hours postoperatively, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations showed a decreasing trend in both groups, with a greater decrease in the lidocaine group, resulting in significantly lower levels than those with sufentanil ( P =0.021, P <0.001, P =0.001) ( Figure 4 and supplementary Table 3 ).

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43 Nonetheless, the results indicate a favorable trend toward improved recovery in the lidocaine group.

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