Efficacy and safety of liposomal bupivacaine versus ropivacaine with two adjuncts in serratus anterior plane block for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a protocol for a single-centre, randomised, double-blinded trial.

12 14 In contrast, other research indicates that while liposomal bupivacaine improves pain scores, its overall impact on postoperative pain relief and patient outcomes may not be significant. 34 35 While the primary outcome of this study is the NRS pain score, which is widely used in clinical settings for its simplicity and relevance to patient-reported outcomes, we recognise that it is a subjective measure.

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