highly significantp = 6.78 × 10 −20
Statistically, Welch’s ANOVA showed highly significant group effects for SCD and SCA ( p = 6.78 × 10 −20 and 3.58 × 10 −30 ), with L.D. scaffolds exhibiting larger SCD, SCA, and CSPD values than their seaweeds (all p < 0.001), consistent with structural expansion following decellularization.