Global trends in low back pain and neck pain in the working population: implications for occupational health.

Front Public Health · 2025 · PMC12478301 · PMID 41030354

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Gender and SDI differences in work-related pain EAPC According to the EAPC (estimated annual percentage change) bar chart analysis across different regions, we observed an increasing trend in the incidence of low back pain (LBP) in middle-income, lower-middle-income, and low-income countries, with this increase predominantly seen in the female population.

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