Jack pine's responses to climate change: increased water-use efficiency but evident growth limitations in dry environments.

Tree Physiol · 2025 · PMC12482914 · PMID 40844056

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0900

boldest claim

The sentences

an increasing trendP < 0.001actually significant

Long-term changes in iWUE and the effects of environmental variables on iWUE and ΔO 18 lw We observe an increasing trend in the iWUE of P. banksiana at all study sites: EST (slope = 0.45 μmol mol −1 year −1 , P < 0.001), ESB (slope = 0.682 μmol mol −1 year −1 , P < 0.001) and CLY (slope = 0.822 μmol mol −1 year −1 , P < 0.001) ( Figure 3c ).

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almost significantP = 0.09so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

iWUE is almost significant ( P = 0.09).

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