Improving reference crop evapotranspiration estimation using Solar-Induced chlorophyll fluorescence.

Conversely, only 11.3% of regions exhibit a decreasing trend, predominantly in the mountainous areas of the Tarim Basin.

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The research findings demonstrate that: (1) the improved RET 0 _SIF model significantly enhances ET 0 estimation accuracy, effectively capturing seasonal ET 0 variations across 22 monitoring stations; (2) RET 0 _SIF outperforms conventional empirical models, exhibiting a minimal multi-year mean bias (0.59 mm/8-day) compared to the Penman-Monteith (ET 0PM ) at all 22 stations; (3) RET 0 _SIFd reveals a spatial pattern of gradual decrease from west to east in the study area, along with an increasing trend over time (2.56 mm/year).

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