Cross-national comparison of inflammatory bowel disease burden in China, Japan, the United States, and India: An age-period-cohort analysis of GBD 2021.

Saudi J Gastroenterol · 2025 · PMC12527364 · PMID 40873109

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Conversely, an APC or AAPC estimate with a 95% CI upper limit below zero suggests a decreasing trend.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Statistically, an APC or AAPC estimate with a 95% CI lower limit that exceeds zero indicates an increasing trend within the specified interval.

also in 63,971 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.