highly significantp < 0.001
In the Wald Chi-square test, the global tests for the full model (including 26 covariates) were highly significant for all outcomes before PSM (Wald χ 2 = 79,669.454 for all-cause dementia, p < 0.001) and after PSM (Wald χ 2 = 32,255.940 for all-cause dementia, p < 0.001; Supplementary Tables 2, 3 ).