highly significantP = 0.001
9 , 10 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 24 The VAS in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was significant [SMD = −1.54, 95% CI (−2.53, −0.55), P = 0.002] ( Figure 3 ) with highly significant heterogeneity (I2 = 97.4%, P = 0.001).