highly significantp < 0.001
The wealth index remained a strong predictor: compared to the poorest quintile, children in the richer quintiles had 56% lower odds of stunting in column 5 (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.33–0.56), attenuating to 46% (95% CI = 0.39–0.73) in the fully adjusted model, though both effects remained highly significant, p < 0.001.