Pre-intervention scores averaged 2.3 ± 0.8, which rose to 4.4 ± 0.6 post-intervention, with a Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test revealing p < 0.001, indicating a highly significant improvement in accuracy (as shown in Fig. 7 ).
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Evaluating the role of a visual pitch meter in carnatic music education and pitch internalization through constructivist and RALD frameworks.
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