Metformin's protection against blood-brain barrier disruption and neuronal dysfunction under oxygen-glucose deprivation and tobacco smoke and e-vape chemical exposure.

Fluids Barriers CNS · 2025 · PMC12581476 · PMID 41185023

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Nevertheless, we identified a significant decrease ( p < 0.0001) in the MFI of claudin-5 after OGD/R and a decreasing trend in ZO-1 and occludin intensity, which were abrogated with MF pretreatment (Fig. 4 B-E).

also in 47,180 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.