highly significantp ≤0.01
Differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤0.05 (* p ≤0.05), highly significant at p ≤0.01 (** p ≤0.01), and very highly significant at p ≤0.001 (*** p ≤0.001).
Differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤0.05 (* p ≤0.05), highly significant at p ≤0.01 (** p ≤0.01), and very highly significant at p ≤0.001 (*** p ≤0.001).
Notably, moderate plasma cell infiltration was observed solely in the subcutaneous implantation beds of the biphasic bone substitute, with a decreasing trend over time.