Trends in baseline HbA1c and body-mass index in randomised trials of people with type 1 diabetes from 1993 to 2025: an IMI2 SOPHIA systematic review and meta-analysis.

5 D portrays no significant trend in HbA1c in studies with a diabetes duration of <20 years (r = −0.08, p = 0.48), whereas a decreasing trend of 0.2% per decade was observed for baseline HbA1c in studies with an average disease duration of ≥20 years (r = −0.44, p = 0.02).

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Trends in BMI and HbA1c Table 2 illustrates that BMI showed an increasing trend over the years from 25.0 (24.7–25.3) kg/m 2 in the first decade studied (1993–2002) to 26.9 (26.4–27.3) kg/m 2 in the last decade (2016–2025).

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