Risk Factors for Acute Heart Failure in Older Adults with Hip Fractures After Surgery and Construction of a Nomogram Predictive Model.

7 A large-scale epidemiological study conducted in Denmark revealed that between 1999 and 2012, the incidence of congestive heart failure(HF) following hip fractures showed an increasing trend, rising from 6.5% to 10.7% in men and from 5.9% to 13.1% in women. 8 HF frequently occurs in older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery, representing a major factor linked to high in-hospital mortality rates, with an incidence between 5.5% and 21.3%. 9 Research shows that the 30-day mortality rat

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