Probiotic Formulation for Patients With Bipolar or Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder: A Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Schizophr Bull · 2025 · PMC12597526 · PMID 39504580

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0590

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0590

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantP = .059so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Study Results No significant effect of probiotics was observed on psychiatric symptoms, but borderline significant improvement was observed in the cognition category of verbal memory (Linear Mixed Model (LMM) 0.33; adjusted P = .059).

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