Seasonal Heat Stress and the Postpartum Stage Interactively Influence Milk Fatty Acid Composition in Holstein Dairy Cows in Spain.

Animals (Basel) · 2025 · PMC12609924 · PMID 41227450

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highly significantp < 0.01actually significant

Notably, all SMCFA (C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, and C14:1(n-5)) showed highly significant interaction effects ( p < 0.01), suggesting that their concentrations were influenced not only by postpartum stage or season independently, but by their combination.

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