Innovative Seismic Solutions for Precast Structures: Experimental and Numerical Studies on Beam-Column Joints.

This finding is highly significant: as discussed in the introduction and supported by several experimental [ 34 , 36 , 39 , 40 , 61 , 70 ] and post-earthquake field investigations [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 44 ], brittle failure at the corbel edge, particularly due to concrete spalling or crushing, has often led to a critical reduction in the effective bearing length.

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