Impact of HIV and hospitalization on the incidence of subsequent rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis after initiation of first-line tuberculosis treatment: a retrospective cohort study in South Africa.

EClinicalMedicine · 2025 · PMC12613042 · PMID 41245538

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may be significantno p-value reported

Additionally, the contribution of nosocomial transmission to the MDR/RR-TB epidemic may be significant, particularly for people living with HIV (PLHIV), given that both people with infectious MDR/RR-TB and immunocompromised individuals use the same healthcare facilities.

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