Trends in insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Ghana: a systematic review.

J Med Entomol · 2025 · PMC12616233 · PMID 41063499

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0004

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0400

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantP = 0.0004actually significant

ANOVA analysis revealed a highly significant difference between the various year groups ( F = 8.722; df = 3, 25; P = 0.0004) in the forest zone ( Fig. 3B ).

also in 132,142 other papers

marginally significantP = 0.04actually significant

However, Tukey multiple comparison test showed a marginally significant difference in mean between the 2012–2017- and 2018–2024-year groups ( P = 0.04) in the coastal zone ( Fig. 4A ).

also in 26,082 other papers

an increasing trendno p-value reported

An increasing trend of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l . was observed across all transmission zones, with the vgsc -L995F mutation being the most reported resistance mechanism.

also in 63,971 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.