When comparing with conventional terrorism, some authors have recently found that global terrorism risk has evolved over the past five decades with four distinct stages: emerging stage (1970–1991), descending stage (1992–2000), rampant stage (2001–2014), and attenuating stage (2015–2020), with 117 countries showing an increasing trend, and 56 countries showing a decreasing trend in terrorism risk ( 24 ).
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