Classification success of salivary interleukin-1β in periodontitis grading with artificial intelligence models: a cross-sectional observational study.

In the Q-Q plot (a), the D’Agostino’s normality test yields K 2 =152.12 (p=9.26×10− 34 ), sample skewness =0.00 (Z=1.01, p=0.3121), and excess kurtosis =–1.2381 (Z=–12.29, p=9.96×10− 35 ), producing a symmetric, inward-bowed S-shape that reflects no significant asymmetry but highly significant platykurtosis, indicating thin tails than a normal distribution.

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