Long-Term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Emotional Regulation, Psychological Symptoms, and College Adjustment.

Int J Environ Res Public Health · 2025 · PMC12652499 · PMID 41302677

Europe PMC DOI

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closest p · 1.6× alpha

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did not achieve significancep = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

As predicted (H1), students’ ratings of perceived COVID-19 stress experienced across the pandemic periods decreased significantly from lockdown to LR to the endemic phase for those in Canada (F 2, 1019) = 20.91, p < 0.0001, eta = 0.04) and did not achieve significance among Spanish students (F 2, 433) = 2.51, p = 0.08, eta = 0.01).

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