Effect of dietary supplementation with <i>Vitex negundo</i> L. var. cannabifolia extract on the growth performance, blood chemistry, gut morphology, and gut microbiota of broilers.

Although the serum total cholesterol (TC) content showed a decreasing trend, the difference did not reach statistical significance. 3.5 Effect of VNE supplementation on cytokine release of broilers As shown in Table 6 , serum malondialdehyde (MDA) activity decreased significantly in the VNE-treated groups compared with the control group ( p < 0.01).

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As shown in Table 3 , the FCR of the low group ( p < 0.01), medium group ( p < 0.001), and high group ( p < 0.001) showed a highly significant decrease compared to the control group. 3.3 Effect of VNE supplementation on the intestinal morphology of broilers The effect of dietary VNE supplementation on the jejunal and ileal histomorphometry of 49-day-old broilers is shown in Figure 2 .

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