Long-term multicomponent exercise enhances functional mobility in early-stage Parkinson's disease: a 48-month retrospective cohort study.

Complementary models are presented in the Supplementary Material : at baseline, VO 2 peak was also the only significant predictor of TUG performance ( Supplementary Table S9 ; R 2 = 0.148; β = −0.416, p = 0.035), with no contribution from muscle mass (p = 0.704); at post-intervention, VO 2 peak predicted both TUG time ( Supplementary Table S10 ; R 2 = 0.301; β = −0.372, p = 0.003) and 6MWT distance ( Supplementary Table S11 ; R 2 = 0.248; β = 14.590, p = 0.011), while muscle mass showed only a nonsignificant trend (p = 0.086 and p = 0.072, respectively).

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Post-intervention models revealed significant associations between VO 2peak and both TUG and 6MWT, while muscle mass approached but did not reach significance.

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