East Amazon forest understory temperatures reached a record high in 2023-2024.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12689650 · PMID 41361195

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a positive trendno p-value reported

However, this is not confirmed by the mean temperature offset time series built with ERA5-Land for which we found non-significant trends for most forest sites and a positive trend for Paracou over 2016–2024 meaning a possible loss of the buffer.

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