marginally nonsignificantp = 0.053
The overall MD was −0.591, with a 95% CI ranging from −1.190 to 0.008 and a marginally nonsignificant result ( p = 0.053) ( Figure 4 ).
The overall MD was −0.591, with a 95% CI ranging from −1.190 to 0.008 and a marginally nonsignificant result ( p = 0.053) ( Figure 4 ).
Egger’s test for publication bias revealed a marginally significant bias, with an intercept of −9.86 (95% CI: −22.82 to 3.10) and a two-tailed p -value of 0.082, suggesting that publication bias may have modestly influenced the findings.