Global, regional, and national burden trends of spinal fractures from 1990 to 2021: a population-based study.

Int J Surg · 2025 · PMC12695246 · PMID 41056028

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

an increasing trendno p-value reported

An increasing trend was indicated when the 95% CI for EAPC, AAPC, or APC was entirely above zero; a decreasing trend was inferred when the 95% CI was entirely below zero; and a stable trend was defined when the interval included zero [ 15 , 16 ] .

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