Detection of AI generated images using combined uncertainty measures and particle swarm optimised rejection mechanism.

For instance, in the VQDM dataset, Welch’s t-test showed a t-statistic of 24.50 for contrast and 20.02 for entropy, both with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p < 0.0001$$\end{document} , indicating highly significant differences.

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