43 reported an increasing trend from early childhood to adolescence, with IBD incidence rising from 2.3 per 100 000 in the 0–4 age group to 14.3 per 100 000 in the 10–14 age group. 43 Several factors have been implicated in this rising trend, including dietary shifts towards ultra‐processed foods, infections, use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, exposure to antibiotics, and smoking. 44 The increasing burden of IBD among adolescents underscores the need for urgent attention to prevention strategies and optimized healthcare management.
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A 15-year population-based study on incidence and vaccination coverage in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Italy.
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