Low-Cost, High-Impact Teaching in Pharmacology: A Mixed-Methods Study Assessing the Effectiveness of a Ball-and-Balloon Activity on Student Engagement and Learning Outcomes.

Cureus · 2025 · PMC12723309 · PMID 41446450

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highly significantno p-value reported

The highly significant p-value (< 0.001) confirms that the Ball-and-Balloon activity, in conjunction with the lecture, was highly effective in enhancing students' knowledge of the topic, particularly in applying higher-order thinking to drug actions.

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