Macular Pigment Carotenoid Supplementation for the Preservation of Visual Structure and Function Following a Collegiate Rugby Season.

Eye Brain · 2025 · PMC12744580 · PMID 41466853

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0800

closest p · 1.6× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

approached significantp = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

CFF approached significant difference at post- vs pre-season testing for supplement (27.6±1.8 vs 25.7±2.2 Hz, p = 0.08, Cohen’s d = 0.44) but was not different for the placebo group (26.2±1.8 vs 26.0±1.6 Hz, p = 0.70, Cohen’s d = 0.11).

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