Spatial temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of net primary productivity in the Huaihe River Economic Belt on seasonal scale.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12748539 · PMID 41461689

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an overall trendno p-value reported

In the other three seasons, NPP predominantly exhibits an overall trend of widespread stability and improvement, with small areas of degradation.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

The calculation formula is as follows: 2 represents the trend factor; if the value is greater than 0, vegetation NPP shows an increasing trend; otherwise, it shows a decreasing trend.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.