Volcanism and basalt weathering drove Ordovician climatic cooling.

Accordingly, we subdivided the compiled Ordovician Δ 199 Hg profile into four intervals, including (1) a decreasing trend of Δ 199 Hg values during the early Tremadocian to middle Floian (~485-473 Ma), (2) a dominance of near-zero Δ 199 Hg values during the late Floian, followed by a decreasing trend from positive to near-zero values during the earliest to early Dapingian (i.e., the LFCE) (~473-468 Ma), (3) a gradual

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