Tumor Electric Field Therapy Inhibits TGF-β/C1R Signaling Axis-Driven Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioblastoma.

Western blot analysis further verified that in U87‐ShC1R and U251‐ShC1R cells treated with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 ng/mL) of TGF‐β for 48 h, expression levels of mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin, YKL‐40, and Vimentin increased with rising concentrations, while expression levels of the epithelial marker E‐cadherin showed a decreasing trend (Figure 5H,I ).

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