Biological properties of copper: Antibacterial, osteogenesis of biomaterials.

Biochem Biophys Rep · 2025 · PMC12803791 · PMID 41542176

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantno p-value reported

The release of Cu ions in Ti–Cu thin films and the resulting antibacterial activity achieved through redox reactions and the generation of Cu + and Cu 2+ species can be highly significant.

also in 132,142 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.