Individuals with moderate CVH (OR = 0.49, 95 % CI: 0.41, 0.58) and high CVH (OR = 0.49, 95 % CI: 0.41, 0.58) have a much lower risk of developing emphysema compared to those with low CVH, and this difference remains highly significant after full adjustment in model 3 (moderate CVH: OR = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.56, 0.82; high CVH: OR = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.25, 0.47).
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Life's Essential 8 and cardiovascular health: Protective effects on chronic respiratory diseases.
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