Immune Signatures of Smoking: Cytokine and Immunoglobulin Dysregulation and Partial Reversibility in a Population-Based Study.

J Clin Immunol · 2025 · PMC12816073 · PMID 41454991

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0510

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0770

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantp = 0.051so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

For pack-years, IL-6 was significant (β = 0.26, p < 0.001), and IL-17C was borderline significant (β = 0.15, p = 0.051), but with no meaningful AIC or coefficient changes (Supplementary Table S12).

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borderline significancep = 0.077so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

No significant sex-by-pack-years interactions were found, however IgG showed borderline significance ( p = 0.077) (Supplementary Fig.

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