Association of metal and metalloid exposure with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: mediation by inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging.

BMC Public Health · 2025 · PMC12817408 · PMID 41388449

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Co, Mo, Tl, and W demonstrated an increasing trend across CKM syndrome stages and were significantly associated with higher stage categories.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

Regarding urinary creatinine levels, the average level showed a decreasing trend as CKM syndrome stage advanced.

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