highly significantp < 0.001
VAS scores and ODI scores demonstrated identical recovery patterns between groups, with no significant between-group differences ( p > 0.05) but highly significant within-group improvements over time ( p < 0.001).
VAS scores and ODI scores demonstrated identical recovery patterns between groups, with no significant between-group differences ( p > 0.05) but highly significant within-group improvements over time ( p < 0.001).